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Selasa, 21 Juli 2009

Analizing short story

(Rhyzna_Ngel)
1. Background
Space star is one of short stories that written by Lael J. Littke who works her magic thru words by creating a masterpiece of literature. Lael J. Littke was born in Idaho in 1929. She had several jobs before she became a full-time writer. Littke has written many books and short stories for young people. She lives in Pasadena California where she writes and also teaches classes in writing. After graduating from Utah State University and studying at City University of New York, Lael and her husband, George, moved to Pasadena, California, where she studied writing with Helen Hinckley Jones as her mentor. Later she taught some of the classes that Helen had originated at Pasadena City College. Now that Lael lives alone, she writes every day with her cats for company. She is the author of more than thirty-five books, including Lake of Secrets, Haunted Sister, The Phantom Fair, and The Watcher.
This story includes seventh thread of Literature for English Intermediate One Table of Contents:
Unit 1: Something Funny, Elizabeth Van Steenwyk.
Unit 2: Three Hundred Pesos, Manuela Williams Crosno.
Unit 3: Younde Goes to Town, African Folktale.
Unit 4: Fire, Jack London.
Unit 5: Dr. Heidegger's Experiment, Nathaniel Hawthorne.
Unit 6: Six Rows of Flowers, Toshio Mori.
Unit 7: Space Star, Lael J. Littke.
Unit 8: The Contest, William Hoffman.
Space Star is science-fiction that gives a different nuance of the other literatures which effloresce at that time. It tells about Maris who had ambition to get medal on galaxy's race. She believed that she will win at the galaxy space race. But, when saw Narda who had the same scores when they tried out earlier and had the highest scores of all the pilots, Maris become worried. In the middle, it was happened trouble that will lose a chance of Maris for win. Maris tried to help Rel that can’t seem to get away from asteroid’s gravity pull. “Ough, Narda had opportunity easily to win,” Maris thought. For the first time Maris felt panic. She thought she will loose in the asteroid and the people can’t be able to find her and Rel. But what happened later? A while after, Narda that seem can’t hear Maris’s call a few minutes ago, now had come back and brought rescue ship to Rel. Because of the tragedy, both Narda and Maris didn’t get medal.
Scientifically, this modern literature that flowering from roughly 1900 to 1940 and 1945 to 1980 respectively begins to reformulate our metaphysical categories to entertain new ideas of substance and form. The literature develops its own genres such as fantasy and science-fiction. It can open civilian knowledge about extern the world.

2. Analysis Setting and Psychology Approach (Optimist and Pessimist)
The term “setting” refers to the point in the time and space at which the events of the plot occur. Setting may trust itself dynamically into the action, affecting events, and being in turn affected by them, until setting seems to assume the role of a major character (Kenney, 1966:40). Meanwhile, the psychology approach deals with a the concept of successive stages or levels in developmental and cognitive psychology, some of the problems and suggestions in relating quantum mechanics to consciousness as has sometimes been proposed, and finally the relevance of ideas from Swedenborg to topics in psychology (Anderson, Tory C. "Just the Fiction, Ma'am." Wasatch Review International 1, no. 2 (1992): 1-9). In this short story, Lael takes place is in the atmosphere. The Changing of optimists to pessimist will appearance in the beginning part and the middle part. When main character is still at earth and hasn’t done launching, and when she has explored in the other spaces and got any problem, she begins to loose her confident.
a. First action
Person that has optimist usually is dominated by positive thinking. An optimist person will be brave to take a risk, each take a decision is consumed with confidence and steady aplomb. (WordPress.com)
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Maris was ready, all dressed in her space suit except for the helmet. Before she put that on, she took one last look in the mirror.
“The next time I look at you,” she promised. “I’ll be wearing the Space Star medal. “I’ll be very proud of myself.”
Yes, she was going to win the space race today. She was the best minicraft pilot in the galaxy Space Race.
Or was she?
Maris looked at her reflection in the mirror and thought about herself. She had worked very hard learning how to fly the small one-person minicraft. She knew she was good at it. She thought she was good enough to win the Space star Medal.
************
Main character has high optimist. Although she knows about her fight has same strong with her.
b. Second action
Sigmund Freud saw human existence is being under constant attack from within the self, from the forces of nature and from relations with others.
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For the first time Maris felt panic. “What if Narda didn’t hear the message?” she wondered. “What if Rel and I both crash on the asteroid? We might never be found!”
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Main character gets panic when she can’t be able save herself and Rel to come out from asteroid. She becomes pessimist, she worried about how to way to come out?

3. Conclusion
In conclusion, the story has many advantages, such as:
a. Its literature
- Giving contributing to literature form (it is not only about love but also about science)
b. Its author
- Sharing imagination with the others
A perceptive argument, by a younger editor and critic, that the purpose of moral teaching and of mortal life is best achieved not through direct preaching of propositional knowledge but through realistic imitation of life in fiction, which can give new and profitable experience more efficiently than life itself.
c. Its reader
- Readers become understand about its short story and know that achievement is not to be proud of yourself
- Readers have any imagination about space
- Readers get connection between setting of place with psychology changing (Setting of place contributes for character changing).
Literature for English contains high-interest stories by famous writers, covering a variety of genres, such as folktales, science fiction, and autobiography. The language level is controlled so that students with limited English skills can easily understand the stories. Many of the chapters in the Advanced-level books contain theme-related stories and poems. Students are introduced to literary elements such as plot, character, setting, conflict, and theme. Students will also learn to use critical thinking skills -- making predictions, drawing conclusions, and making inferences. Although skill development throughout the five books is progressive, teachers can alter the sequence for intermediate- and advanced-level readers. Each Literature for English student book follows a similar format. A pre-reading section, Getting Ready to Read, introduces each story. This section is divided into three parts: The Story and You, Learning about Literature, and Looking Ahead. It provides high-interest material to motivate the student to read the story and also offers important information about elements of literature. Each story is followed by a comprehensive four-part skills check. These activities contain hands-on practice in reading, writing, speaking, and listening. It includes the following exercises: Check Your Reading provides ten self-scoring multiple-choice questions that review reading comprehension, vocabulary, and idioms. A score chart at the end of the book graphically illustrates student progress. Understanding the Story contains a variety of exercises that use directed writing activities for mastery of reading comprehension, sentence structure, verbs, parts of speech, writing, and punctuation. Hints are provided to help students improve their grammar. Studying the Story activities provide opportunities for students to work together to improve their listening, speaking, and writing skills and contain specific as well as open-ended writing assignments and exercises. Thinking About Literature Gives students the opportunity to work with graphic organizers and develop critical thinking skills.

THE END



References:
• Dienstag, Joshua Foa, pesimisme: Filsafat, Etika, Roh, Princeton University Press, 2006, ISBN 0-691-12552-X
• Nietzsche, Friedrich, yang lahir dari Tragedi dan Kasus Wagner, New York: Vintage Books, 1967, ISBN 0-394-70369-3
• Anderson, Tory C. "Just the Fiction, Ma'am." Wasatch Review International 1, no. 2 (1992): 1-9.
• WordPress.com
• MormonLit@byu.edu

SPACE STAR
By: Lael j. Littke

Maris was ready, all dressed in her space suit except for the helmet. Before she put that on, she took one last look in the mirror.
“The next time I look at you,” she promised. “I’ll be wearing the Space Star medal. “I’ll be very proud of myself.”
Yes, she was going to win the space race today. She was the best minicraft pilot in the galaxy Space Race.
Or was she?
Maris looked at her reflection in the mirror and thought about herself. She had worked very hard learning how to fly the small one-person minicraft. She knew she was good at it. She thought she was good enough to win the Space star Medal.
Maris put on her helmet. Then stepped out into the corridor that led to the launching platform. Maris knew Narda. She was a young, green-skinned woman from the fifth moon of Jupiter. Rel was a pilot from the asteroid Pallas.
Narda smiled confidently. “This is the big day, isn’t it?” she asked through her helmet. It quickly translated all the languages in the galaxy.
Maris suddenly felt her own confidence fading. There were quite a few pilots in the race, but Narda was the one who worried Maris the most. Narda flew fast and without any fear-and she wanted to win very much. She and Maris had the same scores when they tried out earlier and had the highest scores of all the pilots. They had the highest scores of all the pilots. But Maris noticed that Narda didn’t always fly exactly on course. She sometimes went off the route. And Accuracy was as important as speed in the race.
Rel said to Maris and Narda, “This will probably be a big day for one of you. I just hope that I don’t embarrass myself.”
“Embarrass yourself?” said Maris. “What do you mean by that, Rel?”
Rel said, I can’t really compete with you two. I’m just a beginner. The truth is “I’m not a very good pilot.”
“That is not so,” Maris said. “You wouldn’t be here if you weren’t the best minicraft pilot on Pallas.”
Rel smiled. “Thanks, Maris,” he said. “anyway, I’ll do my best.”
They had arrived at the door that led to the launching platform. Moments later the contestants were in their minicrafts.
As soon as she was inside hers mall spaceship, Maris checked the control panel. Thens he turned on the radio and tested it. “this is number 34, Maris, representing Earth,” she reported to the control tower.
Maris looked out the window of the minicraft and waved at the spectators far across the filed. She knew, of course, that they couldn’t see her. But it made her feel good to know that her parents, brother, and friends from Earth were in the crowd. She smiled when she thought about how proud they would be when she won the medal.
But first she had to win it!
It was time for the launching. One by one the minicrafts were moved to their places on the launching platform. Then they were sent off into space. Winning did not depend on who arrived back at the base first. It depended on who took the least time from departure to return. Of course, you had to stay on the route. And you were not supposed to talk to the other pilots.
Maria saw Number 32, Rel, soar off into space. Number 33, Narda, was just in front of Maris. A few minutes later, Narda’s minicraft took off. Then it was Maris’s turn.
Maris’s minicraft left the launching platform smoothly soon she was flying swiftly through space, following the route. Maris saw Narda ahead of her. Narda was making a turn. She was flying very carefully today. That would make her harder to beat.
Maris wondered how the other contestants were doing. But she really didn’t have time to worry about them. She had to look at her charts to make sure she was following the route.
During the next two hours, Maris flew around two small moons. She thoughts that she did everything correctly. But then she saw Narda ahead of her flying very fast. Maris knew she would have to pick up speed and pass Narda if she wanted to win.
Maris’s chance came an hour later. Narda made a very wide turn and went off course. As Narda repeated the turn, Maris flew past her.
Maris felt confident as she headed toward the final part of the race. She thought to herself, “If I can keep doing everything perfectly, I’ll win the medal.”
Narda was nowhere in sight as Maris approached the most difficult part of the course. The pilots had to fly around a moving asteroid that kept going up and down in space. They had to make sure that their ship didn’t get too close to the asteroid. If the ship got too close, it would get caught in the asteroid’s gravity and would be pulled into the asteroid.
Maris was halfway around the asteroid when she saw another minicraft ahead of her. Maris was ready to pass the spaceship, when she realized that it was in trouble. For some reason it was losing speed. If it went any slower, it would be pulled into the asteroid!
Maris lost precious seconds, but she guided her own ship close enough to see the umber on the minicraft that was in trouble. It was Number 32, Rel from Pallas!
Maris pushed a button that turned on the radio. “rel!” she shouted into the microphone, “what’s wrong?” Maris knew that she would lose points for communicating with another contestant. But what could she do?
“Maris! I’m glad you’re near. I’m having a problem with the engine, and it’s slowed my speed. I can’t seem to get away from this asteroid’s gravity pull. I may have to land on the asteroid.”
Maris thought to herself, “he will crash! There’s nowhere to land. The asteroid is covered with sharp mountain peaks!”
“No,” said Maris, as calmly as she could. “You must stay away from the asteroid! You can keep your minicraft away from it by making the right calculations.”
Rel said nervously, “I’m not sure I can do all that figuring.”
“yes, you can,” Maris said firmly. “Now look at your charts and instruments.”
There was silence for a moment, and then Rel spoke again. I’ve tried to radio for help,” he said, “But we can’t get through to the base from here. We’re in a dead space behind the asteroid. Will you send a rescue ship for me as soon as you get to the base?”
“Yes,” maris thought, “I could do that. I could go on and win the race, and then send back help.” She could still win the Space Star medal. She wanted very much to continue. But she could’t. Not yet anyway.
“I’ll stay here with you for a while,” she told Rel. “I’ll contact someone else to send the rescue ship.”
Just then Narda’s minicraft came into view. “Narda!” Maris called over the radio. “There’s no need to answer me and lose points. But send for the rescue ship as soon as you can radio the base,” Maris quickly explained the problem.
Narda gave no sign that she heard the message. She just flew on.
For the first time Maris felt panic. “What if Narda didn’t hear the message?” she wondered. “What if Rel and I both crash on the asteroid? We might never be found!”
Maris tried not to think about that. Rel’s minicraft was losing power. It was moving slowly toward the asteroid. Maris didn’t have time to think about herself. She had to help Rel do the calculations to keep from crashing. She tried not to show fear as she gave Rel instructions.
The two minicrafts were very close to the asteroid. Maris was studying it, looking for a place to land if necessary. Then she saw another spaceship approaching.
Number 33! Narda had come back!
‘Narda! Maris exclaimed. “I thought you’d be wearing the Space Star medal by now.”
I’lI thought about it,” said Narda. “But you’re so far off course, I realized that I’d better hang around up here where the radio waves can get through. Otherwise the rescue ship will never find you.”
Before Maris could say another word, Narda flew away from the asteroid. She sailed off the distance, where she waited to guide the rescue ship to Rel.
A short time later, the rescue ship arrived. It used its powerful magnets to pull Rel’s minicraft away from the asteroid. As they headed back to the base, they heard on their radios that Melona from the planet Mercury had won the race.
“I’m sorry, “ said Rel, after they landed safety. “I made both of you lose your chance for the medal.”
But at that moment the medal didn’t seem that important to Maris. She thought about the promise she made to her mirror that morning. Well, she would still keep that promise. After all, you don’t have to wear a medal to be proud of yourself.

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